Diversity in natural aspects for relaxation, entertainment as well as recreational opportunities associated with walking, sightseeing, camping near wells, qanats, and springs to spend leisure time and to enjoy landscapes, represents the recreational values which can be perceived due to surface water limitations. Recreational value of water includes the benefits derived from those who leave water resources and their attributes intact for others. Areas with groundwater resources (Chack-Chack, Gharbalbiz, Tamehre and Darehghahan) in Yazd- Ardakan plain attract many tourists annually. This study endeavors to determine the recreational value of groundwater resources of Yazd- Ardakan plain and to elicit visitors’ willingness to pay using contingent valuation method. To collect data, a questionnaire with a single-bounded dichotomous choice format was developed in 2009. Results reveal that the total recreational value and the household’s recreational value are 1.38 billion Rials and 11280 Rials, respectively. Considering the weighted mean of WTP, the entrance fee for water-based recreation areas would be 4700 Rials. These estimates provide rational justification for policy makers and managers to support the conservation of water-based recreational areas.

In this study we designed a scenario about a one-day tour (with given characteristics) and during some questionnaires requested from respondents to answer ‘ how many people do they guess to participate at the tour in attention to various conditions which prevail on it. ’ The implementation costs were estimated for each tour as 595$. According to this, the minimum participating fee for each people was estimated at about 20$. We suggested the payment fee for participating to the tour as 20, 21, 28, 32, 36, and 40$ per each person. These questionnaires were answered by at least 41 respondents. We took a sum from the number of peoples that the respondents guessed. So by multiplying of each sum in its related payment we could estimate the optimum amount of payment per each person as 24$. Therefore, the amount of income during a year was estimated. The results showed that the procedure can be used by scientists for economic valuation of recreational function in arid and semi-arid ecosystems.

This paper aims to measure recreational value and willingness to pay for Chahnimeh recreational site which is located in Zabol in Sistan and Baloochestan province. For this purpose, contingent valuation method was used. Also, logit model was estimated to find out factors affecting willingness to pay of people who visited Chaahnimeh. Data were collected from a sample of 142 visitors through filling up questionnaires and interview in spring of 2011. Results showed that 93% of visitors were willing to pay for visiting Chahnimeh. Also, coefficients of proposed amount, income, gender, and occupation, number of visits and interest to maintain Chahnimeh environment were significant at 5% level. The average willingness to pay for each visit was 3,920 Rials and annual recreational value was 1.568 billion Rials. Number of annual visits had negative effect on the amount of willingness to pay. Finally, some recommendations are made to improve present situation.

Today, with the increasing attention of economic policy makers to economic development and growth, and less attention to the effects of this growth and development, we are witnessing the destruction of environmental goods. One reason for the lack of attention to environmental issues is the lack of awareness of their actual value. So, environmental studies can be helpful. In this study, we want to determine the factors affecting the willingness to pay for visitors of Nazhvan Park which is located near the Zayandehrood River. Results from 313 questionnaires were completed from visitors and estimating Logit model shows that the offer price variable at 1%, sex and numbers of visits variables were significant at the 10% level. Finally, the average willingness to pay for recreational use of the Nazhvan Park visitors, was calculated to 1530 Rials. Given that women are more willing to pay, so building the parks for ladies in the city has economic justification. This means that costs of keeping the park can be met from visitors. Numbers of visits variable is significant and has positive impact on willingness to pay. So, improving transportation system for better access to the Park can increases non market valuation of Nazhvan Park and visitors' satisfaction.

Using the conditional valuation method and a two-dimensional two-sectional questionnaire, this research aims to estimate both the recreational value of Namak Abroud Complex and how much the visitors to Namak abroud Complex are willing to pay for the recreational uses of this tourist complex. The required data were collected through 140 questionnaires from 2009 to 2010. The results show that 64.29 percent of the people involved in this research are willing to pay an amount of money to use this complex recreationally. The average amount visitors are willing to pay in order to use this tourist complex was estimated to be 28819 rials ( » 2.5 dollars) while the annual recreational value of this complex was estimated to be 1, 110, 107 rials (113 dollars) for a family. The results revealed that natural recreational and resort complexes offered great recreational potentials and value and the valuation of such recreational sites makes it possible to quantitatively estimate and present the quality of people's access to natural environments through economic indices and then provide them as an effective managerial tool for related managers to make decisions on the recreational status improvement, protection and development of parks and tourist complexes as well as promoting the level of economic welfare and leisure time activities.

Taleghani forest park with a surface area of about 29 hectares is situated in the northern part of Abbasabad district. This park is limited from the north to Haghani Blvd, from the west to Modares highway, from the east to the Eastern Street of the park, and from the south to Hemat highway. It is one of the recreational sites in the city of Tehran.The aim of this study is to estimate the economic-recreational value of Taleghani forest park by Clawson method and the results can be used as an effective tool in the planning and management of development projects.This method is based on the estimation of the relationship between the number of people who visit the park and the average distance of their living places from the park as well as the average access cost.To this end, six circles with equal distances of 3300 meters were drawn, with the park as their center.Then, by using maps and existing statistics, the surface area of each region and its population were calculated. After that, the socio- economic data extracted from the visitors' completed questionnaires were analyzed and the curve showing the relationship between the access cost and the number of visitors to this forest park was drawn. Meanwhile, the calculation of different entrance fees was done and by adding them to the total access costs, the new ratio of the visitors was obtained and the curve of demand for Taleghani forest park was drawn. Ultimately, by estimating the surface area under the demand curve, the daily recreational value of Taleghani forest park was calculated to be 42, 400, 500 tomans. The analysis of the extracted social data shows that most visitors of Taleghani forest park are in age range of 20-25 years and that most of the subjects had a high-school diploma or university degree.

Own-ebne-Ali Forest Park which is located in the north of Tabriz provides a variety of important environmental services for the benefit of present and future generations. These services have economic values that are often hard to quantify in terms of general criteria because they do not produce any revenue directly. However, they provide benefits in terms of the quality of life and recreational opportunities and their economic value can be estimated mainly via some indicators.In this study, Clawson method was used for the estimation of the social and economic values of Ownebne- Ali Park. This method was based on using the maps, preferences and social and economic characteristics of the visitors and the relationship between the cost of access to the park and the number of visitors. Then, the demand curve was drawn based on the data obtained by questionnaires. Calculations suggested the daily recreational-economic value of the park to be 125081000 Rials.The results of the study also indicated that most visitors of Own-ebne-Ali Forest Park were in the age range of 20-30 years. Some 40% of the visitors had a diploma, as their minimum educational degree, and 31.9% of them had a monthly income of 1-2 million Rials.

Forests play a significant role in human beings welfare. Most of forest benefits either is valued in low price is or is not accounted at all. This under-valuation often leads to inadequate allocation of resources and incorrect forest management and planning for forest maintenance. Recreational use of forest is one of the important benefits of forest. Kohgiluye and Boyer Ahmad province has vast forests which have provided suitable grounds for recreational use of people in society. The goal of this study is to estimate recreational value of Yasouj forest park and the amount of visitors willingness to pay. The data was collected by random sample from questionnaires based on contingent valuation (CV) and double-bounded dichotomous choice (DC) from 188 visitors of Yasouj forest park. Logit model was used to determine effective factors in individual willing to pay (WTP), based on maximum likelihood method. Findings of the study showed that 86.9 percent of visitors were willing to pay for visiting forest park. Results showed that bid, income, education and household size variables had significant effect on WTP. The mean amount of willingness to pay was 992.73 Rls. per visitor and total annual recreational value for yasouj forest park was 7.43 billion Rls.

Although environmental plans performance, development of green areas and provision of recreational facilities for filling leisure time are necessary, lack of financial resources for reviving and providing appropriate recreational facilities makes natural resources management not only to evaluate these resources but also use people's contribution in order to conserve and revive these areas. Therefore, this research will discuss an assessment of the outdoor recreational value of Nabovat Park in order to estimate a visitors' willingness to pay (WTP) for recreational benefits, based on contingent valuation (CV) and dichotomous choice. For determination of visitors' willingness to pay Logit model was employed, the estimation parameters being based on methods of maximum likelihood (ML). The results indicate that 72% of visitors are willing to pay for recreational values at the Nabovat Park. People is willing to pay 3300 Rials for per visit of the park. The total recreational annual value was estimated at 140,049,660.7 Rials/ha for the park. Consequently, results show that people care about urban green areas.

In recent decades, the quality of ecosystems and the environment have been considered as commodities in economic theories. The functions, goods and services of ecosystems are often very valuable, but due to the lack of exchange in the markets, their correct economic value is not taken into account in the national accounting calculations, which exacerbates the destruction of these resources. In this regard, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the recreational value of Mishan Plain and measuring the willingness to pay individuals with a contingent valuation approach to visit this plain. In this regard, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the recreational value of Mishan Plain and measuring the willingness to pay individuals with a contingent valuation approach to visit this plain. To investigate the factors affecting the willingness to pay visitors, the logit model was used and the required data were collected by completing 112 questionnaires by random sampling from visitors of Mishan plain in 2014. According to the results of the survey, the average willingness to pay for each visit was estimated at 12595. 4 Rials. Also, the results of Logit model estimation showed that the variables of education and income have a positive and significant effect, and gender and household dimensions have a significant negative effect on the willingness to pay visitors from Mayshan plain.